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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (11): 1147-1151.DOI: 10.6023/A14080587 上一篇    下一篇

研究通讯

1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体作为可循环溶剂萃取/去除水中二价汞研究

王晓伟b,c, 陈莎a,b   

  1. a 北京工业大学 区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室 北京 100124;
    b 北京工业大学 环境与能源工程学院 北京 100124;
    c 北京市疾病预防控制中心与北京市预防医学研究中心 食物中毒诊断溯源技术北京市重点实验室 北京 100013
  • 投稿日期:2014-08-15 发布日期:2014-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 陈莎 E-mail:chensha@bjut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家自然科学基金(No. 31301474)和北京市预防医学研究中心公益应用课题(No. 2014-BJYJ-12)资助.

Use of Ionic Liquid 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate as a Recyclable Solvent for Extraction/Removal of Hg(Ⅱ) from Water

Wang Xiaoweib,c, Chen Shaa,b   

  1. a Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
    b College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
    c Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention & Centers for Preventive Medical Research, Beijing 100013, China
  • Received:2014-08-15 Published:2014-09-30
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31301474) and the Public Service Applications of Beijing Centers for Preventive Medical Research (No. 2014-BJYJ-12).

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本研究采用1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体([C8MIM]PF6)建立了水中Hg2+的循环去除方法. 首先使用[C8MIM]PF6萃取水中Hg2+, 随后通过甲酸的还原反应, 去除萃取到[C8MIM]PF6中的Hg2+, 进而实现[C8MIM]PF6的回收与循环使用. 本研究优化了萃取与还原去除条件, 考察了最佳条件下[C8MIM]PF6的循环使用能力. 结果表明, 50 mL水中加入1 mL[C8MIM]PF6同时加入0.2 mL 1-甲基咪唑, 50 ℃、220 r/min震荡2 h, 对Hg2+的萃取效率接近100%. 随后在离子液体中加入4 mL, 40%甲酸溶液, 50 ℃下220 r/min震荡30 min, 可以将[C8MIM]PF6中60%～70%的Hg2+还原去除. 采用这一方式对水中Hg2+进行循环萃取, 在9次萃取中,[C8MIM]PF6对Hg2+的去除效率保持在83%～98%. 因此, 本方法不仅实现[C8MIM]PF6对水中Hg2+的去除, 同时实现了[C8MIM]PF6的回收与循环使用, 避免了[C8MIM]PF6过度使用所带来的环境问题.

关键词: 离子液体, 汞离子, 液-液萃取, 还原, 甲酸

Mercury, a highly persistent and toxic substance, seriously threatens the human health and the environment. As an environmental friend solvent, ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as replacements for conventional organic solvents in various separation processes. But there are still some technical aspects that need to be addressed before ILs can be practically applied to remove Hg(Ⅱ) from water. The first and most important issue is the recovery and recycling of ILs without significant loss to make the process economically viable and reduce their potential environmental burden. In this study, a novel approach for removal of Hg(Ⅱ) from water was developed via 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM]PF6). Hg(Ⅱ) was extracted into[C8MIM]PF6 and then reduced into Hg(0) with formic acid. Extraction and reduction conditions were optimized. Because the extraction efficiency of Hg(Ⅱ) into the pristine[C8MIM]PF6 was limited, 0.4% (V/V) 1-methylimidazole was added as complex agent of Hg(Ⅱ) into[C8MIM]PF6 to enhance the extraction efficiency. Under a phase ratio of[C8MIM]PF6 to water of 1:50, almost 100% of the Hg(Ⅱ) in water phase (1 mg/L) was extracted into the[C8MIM]PF6 phase after shaking for 2 h at 220 r/min and 50 ℃. Afterwards, Hg(Ⅱ) concentrated in the IL was reduced to Hg(0) by formic acid under the heating condition, and then the[C8MIM]PF6 was isolated for the purpose of recycling the IL. The Hg(Ⅱ) in[C8MIM]PF6 was reduced to Hg(0) using 40% (V/V) formic acid at 50 ℃. Under a phase ratio of 40% (V/V) formic acid to[C8MIM]PF6 of 4:1, about 60%～70% of Hg(Ⅱ) was reduced to Hg(0) in 20 min. The formed Hg(0) in the mixture was removed after centrifugation, and the[C8MIM]PF6 was collected and recycled. The extraction efficiency for Hg(Ⅱ) in water was ca. 83% in the initial two runs, and then increased to 91%～98% in the following 7 runs by the attribution of the formic acid which is residues in the IL phase and enhances extraction efficiency.

Key words: ionic liquid, mercury, liquid-liquid extraction, reduction, formic acid