有机化学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (08): 1774-1781.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc201302007 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

铜参与的碳硼烷锂盐与炔基锂的交叉偶联反应:“一锅法”合成C-炔基邻碳硼烷衍生物

卞德乾, 聂永, 苗金玲, 王亚峰, 张振伟   

  1. 济南大学化学化工学院 山东省氟化学化工材料重点实验室 济南 250022
  • 收稿日期:2013-02-03 修回日期:2013-03-10 发布日期:2013-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 聂永 E-mail:chm_niey@ujn.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(No. 20702020)及山东省自然科学基金(No. ZR2010BM020)资助项目.

Copper(I)-Mediated Cross-Coupling Reaction of Carboranyl-lithium with Alkynyllithium:One-Pot Synthesis of C-Alkynyl-o-carboranes

Bian Deqian, Nie Yong, Miao Jinling, Wang Yafeng, Zhang Zhenwei   

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022
  • Received:2013-02-03 Revised:2013-03-10 Published:2013-04-09
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20702020) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2010BM020).

室温下氯化亚铜参与的邻碳硼烷双锂盐Li2C2B10H10的自偶联反应, 除了生成预期产物联邻碳硼烷(2), 还生成少量由邻碳硼烷锂盐和(为邻碳硼烷o-C2B10H12锂化反应而引入的)过量丁基锂交叉偶联的产物1-丁基邻碳硼烷(4)和1,2-二丁基邻碳硼烷(5), 而氯化亚铜参与的邻碳硼烷、端炔、丁基锂的反应体系能够“一锅法”合成炔基邻碳硼烷(产率33~62%). 化合物5可由碳硼烷双锂盐与过量的1-溴丁烷反应获得(产率84.6%). 对化合物5与炔基碳硼烷衍生物通过核磁共振(1H, 13C, 11B)、红外光谱、质谱以及单晶X射线衍射(5)等手段进行了结构表征, 并对其可能的生成机理进行了探讨.

关键词: 碳硼烷, 簇状化合物, 有机锂, 炔烃, 交叉偶联

In the copper(I)-mediated homocoupling reaction of dilithio-o-carborane Li2C2B10H10 at room temperature, the expected product 1,1'-bis(o-carborane) (2), the unexpected compounds 1-butyl-o-carborane (4) and 1,2-dibutyl-o-carborane (5) were obtained, the latter two being formed by the cross-coupling reaction of o-carboranyllithium with n-butyllithium (introduced for the lithiation of o-carborane C2B10H12). Based on this finding, the CuCl-mediated one-pot synthesis of C-alkynyl-o-carborane derivatives (yield 33%~62%) involving o-carborane, terminal alkynes and n-butyllithium was developed. It was found that the product distribution varied with the amount of n-BuLi and CuCl utilized. Compound 5 was separately prepared in a good yield (84.6%) via the reaction of dilithio-o-carborane with excess 1-bromobutane at reflux for 23 h. The structural characterization of compound 5 and the C-alkynyl-o-carboranes were carried out by means of NMR, IR, MS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (5). The possible mechanism for the formation of the cross-coupling products is also discussed.

Key words: carborane, cluster compounds, organolithium, alkynes, cross-coupling