有机化学    

研究论文

3,4'-吡喃并[2,3-c]吡唑螺吲哚酮衍生物的绿色合成及抗肺癌活性研究

杨俊a, 黄冬燕a, 梁光平a,*, 刘雄伟b,*   

  1. a遵义医药高等专科学校, 遵义 563006;
    b贵州中医药大学 药学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-09 修回日期:2026-05-26
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(No.gzwkj[2026] 134)、遵义市科技合作计划(No.[2025] 238; No.[2024] 398; No.KCTD(2025)90)资助项目.

Green Synthesis of 3,4'-Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-spirooxindole Derivatives and Their Antiproliferation Activities Against Lung Cancer

Yang Juna, Huang Dong-Yana, Liang Guang-Pinga,*, Liu Xiongweib,*   

  1. aZunyi Medical And Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006;
    bCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2026-05-09 Revised:2026-05-26
  • Contact: *E-mail: 746641572@qq.com; ashevy0819@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund Project(No.gzwkj[2026] 134) and Science and Technology Project of Zunyi City(No.[2025] 238; No.[2024] 398; No.KCTD(2025)90 ).

为寻找新型抗肺癌耐药活性化合物, 本文以5-苯基-2,4-二氢-3H-吡唑-3-酮、丙二腈、靛红为原料, 绿色合成3,4'-吡喃并[2,3-c]吡唑螺吲哚酮衍生物21个; 体外抗肺癌活性研究表明, 该类化合物不仅对A549细胞具有良好的抑制活性, 同时对A549/DDP也具有良好的活性, 特别是化合物HDY-3对耐药株A549/DDP的活性是阳性对照药物顺铂的92倍; 机制研究表明, 化合物HDY-3可以显著地阻滞A549/DDP细胞G1/G0及G2/M期, 诱导细胞凋亡, 抑制细胞迁移; 分子对接、分子动力学模拟及MM-PBSA法计算结合自由能揭示, 化合物HDY-3-ERK1复合物表现出较高的稳定性和较强的结合能力; 化合物HDY-3可能通过抑制ERK1来影响RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2信号通路发挥抗肿瘤活性. 以上结果表明化合物HDY-3可以作为先导化合物进一步开发成为高效的抗肺癌药物.

关键词: 3-螺吲哚酮, 绿色合成, 衍生物, 抗肿瘤活性

Aiming to discover novel compounds active against drug-resistant lung cancer, a series of 21 3,4'-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-spirooxindole derivatives were synthesized via an environmentally friendly procedure using 5-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one, malononitrile, and isatin as starting materials. In vitro anti-lung cancer activity evaluation revealed that these compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activity not only against parental A549 cells but also against cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells. Particularly, compound HDY-3 exhibited exceptional potency against the A549/DDP cells, with activity 92-fold higher than that of the positive control drug cisplatin. Mechanistic studies indicated that HDY-3 significantly blocked the cell cycle of A549/DDP cells at both the G₀/G₁ and G₂/M phases, induced apoptosis, and suppressed cell migration. Furthermore, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations revealed that the HDY-3-ERK1 complex exhibited high stability and strong binding affinity. The antitumor activity of HDY-3 is likely mediated through inhibition of ERK1, thereby interfering with the RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Collectively, these results suggest that compound HDY-3 represents a promising lead compound for further development into highly efficacious anti-lung cancer therapeutics.

Key words: 3-spirooxindoles, green synthesis, derivatives, antitumor activity