聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)还原脱氟研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202601015

摘要/Abstract

聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)因具有高度稳定性, 被视为难降解的“永久化学品”, 其废弃物在环境中不断累积, 已引发一系列环境问题. 因此, 开发高效脱氟技术以实现PTFE的回收利用具有重要意义. 该综述总结了PTFE还原脱氟的研究进展, 主要包括金属及其化合物还原脱氟、光/光电催化脱氟以及机械化学脱氟. 最后对PTFE脱氟的未来研究方向进行了展望.

关键词: 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE), 还原脱氟, C—F键断裂, 回收, 绿色化学

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a highly stable “forever chemical” that resists degradation, and its waste accumulation has led to environmental issues. Therefore, the development of efficient defluorination technologies for PTFE recycling is highly desirable. This review summarizes the recent advances in the reductive defluorination of PTFE, encompassing metal- and metallic compound-promoted defluorination, photo-/photoelectrocatalytic defluorination, and mechanochemical defluorination. Finally, perspectives on future research in this field are proposed.

Key words: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), reductive defluorination, C—F bond cleavage, recycle, green chemistry

引用此文

佘雄, 崔浩, 张霄. 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)还原脱氟研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2026, 46(6): 2241-2248.

Xiong She, Hao Cui, Xiao Zhang. Research Progress on Reductive Defluorination of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(6): 2241-2248.

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图/表 17

图式1. 对聚四氟乙烯表面进行处理以用于血管假体

Scheme 1. Surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene for application in vascular prostheses

图式2. 聚四氟乙烯在接触锂汞齐时的电化学腐蚀

Scheme 2. Electrochemical corrosion of polytetrafluorethylene contacting lithium amalgam

图式3. 聚四氟乙烯的化学还原处理

Scheme 3. Chemical reduction of poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

图式4. 钠原子引发聚四氟乙烯表面脱氟反应

Scheme 4. Surface defluorination of PTFE by sodium atoms

图式5. 聚四氟乙烯的同步脱氟与烷基化

Scheme 5. Simultaneous fluorine elimination and alkylation of poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

图式6. 在碱金属悬浮液中由聚四氟乙烯制备聚合物碳材料

Scheme 6. Preparation of polymeric carbon from PTFE in the suspension of alkali metals

图式7. 高取向聚四氟乙烯的碳化

Scheme 7. Carbonization of highly oriented poly(tetrafluoro- ethylene)

图式8. 镁汞齐对聚四氟乙烯的表面改性

Scheme 8. Surface modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) by magnesium amalgam

图式9. 镁试剂在室温下对聚四氟乙烯脱氟

Scheme 9. Room-temperature defluorination of polytetrafluoroethylene using a magnesium reagent

图式10. 通过胺基锂实现聚四氟乙烯及其他含氟聚合物直接脱氟和胺化

Scheme 10. Direct defluorination and amination of polytetrafluoroethylene and other fluoropolymers using lithium alkylamides

图式11. 钠分散体实现聚四氟乙烯和全氟/多氟烷基物脱氟

Scheme 11. Room-temperature defluorination of PTFE and PFAS via sodium dispersion

图式12. 光催化全氟/多氟烷基物低温脱氟

Scheme 12. Photocatalytic low-temperature defluorination of PFASs

图式13. 光电催化聚四氟乙烯与全氟/多氟烷基物还原脱氟

Scheme 13. Electrophotocatalysis for reductive defluorination of PTFE and PFASs

图式14. 通过用氧化锶研磨分解聚四氟乙烯

Scheme 14. Decomposition of polytetrafluoroethylene by grind- ing with strontium oxide

图式15. 通过机械化学法将聚四氟乙烯和聚偏氟乙烯升级回收为氟化学品

Scheme 15. Upcycling of PTFE and PVDF to fluorochemicals through mechanochemical process

图式16. 机械化学还原法实现聚四氟乙烯中氟直接升级回收为精细化学品

Scheme 16. A reductive mechanochemical approach enabling direct upcycling of fluoride from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) into fine chemicals

图式17. 磷酸盐促进的机械化学法降解全氟/多氟烷基物并回收氟

Scheme 17. Phosphate-enabled mechanochemical PFAS destruction for fluoride reuse

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