3-氰基吡啶类化合物的合成与应用研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202512034

摘要/Abstract

3-氰基吡啶（烟腈）类化合物作为一类多功能分子备受关注，不仅具有抗肿瘤、抗菌等广泛的药理活性，在光学材料领域也有着广泛的应用，同时还是许多化合物制备过程中的重要合成子. 基于此，本文综述了近10年来该类化合物的合成进展，重点介绍了通过多组分反应、新型环化和官能团转化策略制备3-氰基吡啶类化合物的研究进展，并梳理3-氰基吡啶类化合物在合成化学、药物化学、材料化学等领域的应用. 展望未来，借助光、电催化等绿色合成技术合成3-氰基吡啶类化合物，并以此为基础开发性能优异的荧光探针分子、新能源材料等仍是研究的重点.

关键词: 多组分反应, 3-氰基吡啶, 绿色合成, 合成子, 生物活性, 荧光探针

3-Cyanopyridine (nicotinonitrile) compounds have garnered significant attention as versatile molecular scaffolds due to their broad pharmacological activities, including antitumor and antibacterial effects, as well as their extensive applications in optical materials. Furthermore, they serve as crucial synthetic intermediates in the preparation of various compounds. This review summarizes the synthetic advances of these compounds over the past decade, with an emphasis on the construction of the 3-cyanopyridine framework through multicomponent reactions, novel cyclization strategies, and functional group transformations. Additionally, the applications of 3-cyanopyridine compounds in synthetic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and materials science are systematically outlined. Looking forward, the development of photo- and electrocatalytic green synthetic methodologies for 3-cyanopyridine compounds, along with the exploration of high-performance fluorescent probes and new energy materials based on these scaffolds, remains a key research focus.

Key words: multi-component reaction, 3-cyanopyridine, green synthesis, synthon, bioactivity, fluorescent probe

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陈珪媛, 李晟宇, 郭基林, 王相, 刘烨潼, 肖贝宁, 汪朝阳. 3-氰基吡啶类化合物的合成与应用研究进展[J]. 有机化学, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202512034.

Chen Guiyuan, Li Shengyu, Guo Jilin, Wang Xiang, Liu Yetong, Xiao Beining, Wang Zhaoyang. Research Progress in Synthesis and Application of 3-Cyanopyridines[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202512034.

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