化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 77 ›› Issue (11): 1099-1114.DOI: 10.6023/A19060240 上一篇    下一篇

综述

酶法催化二氧化碳制备高附加值化学品研究进展

梁珊, 宗敏华, 娄文勇*()   

  1. 华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院 应用生物催化实验室 广州 510640
  • 投稿日期:2019-07-01 发布日期:2019-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 娄文勇 E-mail:wylou@scut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梁珊, 博士, 2017年毕业于暨南大学, 获工学硕士学位, 2018年进入华南理工大学应用生物催化实验室攻读博士学位, 硕士期间曾赴加拿大萨斯喀彻温大学访问交流.研究方向为新型纳米材料固定化酶及其应用生物催化, 致力于CO2的高效捕获和转化|宗敏华, 教授, 博士生导师, 1988年博士毕业于华南理工大学, 1990~1991年在日本京都大学进修, 华南理工大学生物转化与营养工程团队负责人、广州市优秀女科技工作者, 兼任教育部化学与化工学科教学指导委员会委员, 享受国务院颁发的政府特殊津贴, 主要从事生物催化与转化方面的基础和应用研究工作|娄文勇, 教授, 博士生导师, 全国百篇优秀博士学位论文、国家优秀青年基金获得者, 入选广东省特支计划百千万工程领军人才及教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划. 2005年毕业于华南理工大学生物化工专业, 获博士学位, 英国华威大学访问学者.现为华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院副院长, 研究方向为生物合成与应用生物催化, 主要聚焦于溶剂工程、生物催化剂的筛选与改造、酶固定化技术、生物质的高效利用与转化等方面的基础及应用研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21676104);国家自然科学基金(21878105);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603400);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1602100);广州市科技计划项目(201904010360)

Recent Advances in Enzymatic Catalysis for Preparation of High Value-Added Chemicals from Carbon Dioxide

Liang Shan, Zong Minhua, Lou Wenyong*()   

  1. Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2019-07-01 Published:2019-08-23
  • Contact: Lou Wenyong E-mail:wylou@scut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676104);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878105);the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1603400);the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1602100);the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(201904010360)

现代工业的发展不断消耗煤、石油、天然气等碳化石燃料,并产生了大量的温室气体CO2,使人类面临能源和环境的双重挑战,开发绿色能源、控制CO2对环境的影响迫在眉睫.CO2是一种廉价的碳源,可通过化学法、光化学法、电化学法或酶法等转化为高附加值含碳化学品,实现CO2的资源化循环利用,是解决全球碳排放所带来的能源和环境危机的双赢策略.受CO2胞内天然生物转化的启发,酶法为CO2的循环利用带来了新的机遇,相比于传统的化学及光、电化学法,可表现出绿色、高效、温和、高选择性等优点,有望为CO2高值化利用带来新的契机.有鉴于此,本文从胞内CO2生物转化机理出发,综述了国内外近年来多种单酶及多酶级联催化CO2高值化利用的最新研究进展,并交叉论述了固定化酶催化体系的构建、酶定向进化和改造、酶催化过程调控等内容,总结了酶法转化目前存在的缺陷和不足,并提出了展望,以期为酶法催化CO2高值化利用提供一定的参考和借鉴.

关键词: CO2, 酶法转化, 高值化, 还原, 级联催化, 能源, 环境

With the rapid development of modern industry, coal, petroleum, natural gas and other fossil fuels have been excessively consumed, along with an increasing large quantities of greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide, CO2) are produced. It is urgent to develop sustainable green energy and abate the detriment of carbon dioxide on global environment. CO2 is a cheap carbon source that can be converted into high value-added chemicals by chemical, photochemical, electrochemical or enzymatic methods to realize the recycling of CO2. It is a win-win strategy to solve the energy and environmental crisis caused by global carbon emissions. Inspired by natural CO2 metabolic process, enzymatic transformation provides an alternative strategy for efficient recycling of CO2. Compared with traditional chemical, photochemical or electrochemical methods, the enzymatic route holds advantages of green, high efficiency, mild and excellent selectivity, which is expected to bring new revolutionary opportunities for efficient utilization of CO2. Thus, in this present review, we firstly introduce the brief background about enzymatic conversion for CO2 capture, sequestration and utilization. Next, we depict six major routes of the CO2 metabolic process in cells, which are taken as the inspiration source for the construction of enzymatic systems in vitro. Subsequently, recent advances in enzymatic conversion of CO2 that catalyzed by various single enzymes and multi-enzyme cascade systems are systematically reviewed. Some emerging approaches for construction of immobilized single-or multi-enzyme systems, directed evolution and artificial modification of enzymes, and cofactor regulation during the enzymatic processes are also discussed. Finally, the defects and shortcomings of enzymatic approaches are summarized, and the future perspectives are finally put forward. Based on this present review, we aim to provide theoretical reference and practical basis for more efficient enzymatic utilization of CO2 to produce high value-added chemicals.

Key words: CO2, enzymatic conversion, high value conversion, reduction, cascade catalysis, energy, environment