手性分子碳酰亚胺的圆偏振发光

doi:10.6023/A26050172

化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 84 ›› Issue (9): 1525-1533.DOI: 10.6023/A26050172 上一篇下一篇

综述

手性分子碳酰亚胺的圆偏振发光

赵逸伦^a, 王朝晖^b, 姜玮^a^,^*()

^a 中国科学院大学化学科学学院北京 100049
^b 清华大学化学系北京 100084

投稿日期:2026-05-21 发布日期:2026-07-08
通讯作者: 姜玮

作者简介:

赵逸伦, 中国科学院大学化学科学学院2025级在读博士研究生. 目前研究方向为手性共轭分子材料的设计合成及其手性性质研究.

王朝晖, 清华大学化学系教授, 博士生导师. 2005年入选中国科学院百人计划, 2012年获国家杰出青年科学基金资助, 2014年获中国化学会－－巴斯夫公司青年知识创新奖, 2017年入选万人计划科技创新领军人才. 长期从事多尺度多维度分子碳材料体系的设计合成、可控组装以及分子器件的研究工作. 迄今在国际学术刊物上发表SCI收录论文200余篇. 承担国家重点研发计划纳米科技专项(首席科学家)、国家自然科学基金重点项目、中国科学院先导B项目子课题和科技部国家重大研究计划子课题等.

姜玮, 中国科学院大学化学科学学院教授, 博士生导师. 2011年博士毕业于中国科学院化学研究所, 2017年入选“中国科学院青年创新促进会”会员, 2021年获国家自然科学基金委优秀青年科学基金项目资助, 2024年获Thieme Chemistry Journals Award. 长期聚焦有机共轭分子功能材料的高效创制和功能调控开展研究工作, 迄今在Acc. Chem. Res., Chem. Soc. Rev., J. Am. Chem. Soc., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Adv. Mater., CCS Chemistry, Sci. China Chem.等国际学术刊物上发表SCI收录论文120余篇.

基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(E5EQ0301X2); 国家自然科学基金(22275112)

Chiral Molecular Carbon Imides for Circularly Polarized Luminescence

Yilun Zhao^a, Zhaohui Wang^b, Wei Jiang^a^,^*()

^a School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
^b Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084

Received:2026-05-21 Published:2026-07-08
Contact: Wei Jiang
Supported by:
The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(E5EQ0301X2); The National Natural Science Foundation of China(22275112)

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摘要/Abstract

手性分子碳酰亚胺(CMCIs)凭借其独特的π-共轭骨架、优异的光化学稳定性以及可调控的光电性质, 为高效圆偏振发光(CPL)材料的设计与开发提供了新的契机. 近年来, 随着分子设计与精准合成策略的不断发展, 研究人员通过提高分子对称性、引入杂环结构以及构建多手性中心等方法, 在提升发光不对称因子(g_lum)、荧光量子产率(Φ_PL)和圆偏振发光亮度(B_CPL)等方面取得突破, 并揭示了手性的产生、传递和放大的内在规律, 推动了圆偏振发光体系的发展. 然而, 如何实现g_lum、Φ_PL与B_CPL的协同优化, 是手性功能材料领域的核心挑战. 本文系统综述了近年来具有圆偏振发光性质的手性分子碳酰亚胺研究进展, 从单链、双链到多链手性共轭螺旋等不同拓扑结构对代表性体系进行了分类总结, 重点阐述了分子结构特征、电子跃迁行为与圆偏振发光性能之间的构效关系, 分析了影响圆偏振发光性能的关键分子设计因素. 最后, 对该领域面临的分子设计策略和应用前景做了展望.

关键词: 手性, 分子碳酰亚胺, 圆偏振发光, 发光不对称因子, 荧光量子产率

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), arising from the unequal emission of left- and right-handed circularly polarized light by chiral luminophores, has attracted increasing attention owing to its promising applications in three-dimensional displays, quantum communication, information storage and encryption, bioimaging, and advanced optoelectronic devices. Among various CPL-active materials, chiral molecular carbon imides (CMCIs), derived from rylene diimides (RDI)-based molecular carbon frameworks, have emerged as a unique class of chiral π-conjugated systems. Benefiting from their rigid aromatic skeletons, excellent photochemical stability, large molar extinction coefficients, and tunable molecular structures, CMCIs provide an attractive platform for investigating chirality generation, transmission, amplification, and regulation, while offering opportunities for the development of high-performance CPL materials. In recent years, substantial progress has been achieved in the design and synthesis of CPL-active CMCIs. Through the integration of conjugated fusion and helical distortion strategies, a variety of chiral conjugated helices have been developed, including single-strand chiral conjugated helices (ss-CCHs), double-strand chiral conjugated helices (ds-CCHs), and multiple-strand chiral conjugated helices (ms-CCHs). These systems exhibit diverse topological architectures and distinctive chiroptical properties. Continuous advances in molecular engineering such as enhancing molecular symmetry, introducing heteroatom-annulated structures and constructing multiple chiral centers, have enabled significant improvements in luminescence dissymmetry factors (g_lum), photoluminescence quantum yields (Φ_PL), and CPL brightness (B_CPL). This review systematically summarizes recent advances in CPL-active CMCIs and classifies representative systems according to their molecular topologies. The relationships between molecular structures, electronic transitions, and CPL performance are discussed in detail, with attention paid to the molecular origins of chirality generation, transmission, and amplification. Key factors governing luminescence dissymmetry factors and CPL brightness are analyzed from both structural and photophysical perspectives. Finally, the remaining challenges and future opportunities are highlighted, including the synergistic optimization of g_lum, Φ_PL, and B_CPL, the development of high-performance near-infrared CPL emitters, and the practical implementation of CMCIs in chiral photonic and optoelectronic technologies.

Key words: chirality, molecular carbon imides, circularly polarized luminescence, luminescence dissymmetry factor, photoluminescence quantum yield

引用此文

赵逸伦, 王朝晖, 姜玮. 手性分子碳酰亚胺的圆偏振发光[J]. 化学学报, 2026, 84(9): 1525-1533.

Yilun Zhao, Zhaohui Wang, Wei Jiang. Chiral Molecular Carbon Imides for Circularly Polarized Luminescence[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026, 84(9): 1525-1533.

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图/表 5

图1. (a)单链共轭螺旋1~8的分子结构, (b)单链共轭螺旋5~8在氯仿溶液中的圆偏振发光光谱及其(c)发光不对称因子实验值(|glum|)、理论计算值(|glum|calcd)以及圆偏振发光亮度(BCPL)随螺旋链长度变化的函数关系图

Figure 1. (a) Chemical structures of single-strand chiral conjugated helices (ss-CCHs 1~8), (b) circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectra recorded at ambient temperature in chloroform of ss-CCHs 5~8 and (c) the experimental luminescence dissymmetry factor (|glum|), the computed |glum|calcd, and CPL brightness (BCPL) plotted as a function of helical length

Figure 2. (a) Chemical structures of heteroatom-annulated perylene diimide (PDI)-entwined double π-helical dimers (ds-CCHs: 9~13). (b) Circular dichroism (CD) and CPL spectra of 9~11 in toluene (1×10－5 mol/L). (c) Chemical structures of double π-helical nanoribbons—including dimer (14), trimer (15), and tetramers (16a~16c). (d) The comparison of maximal absorption dissymmetry factor (|gabs|), |glum|, cotton effect intensities (Δε), and BCPL values for 14~16, and (e) the magnetic transition dipole moments (m) densities of three isomeric tetramers (16a~16c) for the transitions at their maximal |gabs|calcd with isosurface value of 0.008

图3. (a)双链共轭螺旋17和18的分子结构, (b)双链共轭螺旋9, 17和18在二氯甲烷溶液中的圆二色光谱, (c)双链共轭螺旋9和17在甲苯溶液中的圆偏振发光光谱对应的发光不对称因子

Figure 3. (a) Chemical structures of ds-CCHs 17 and 18, (b) CD spectra of 9, 17, and 18 recorded at ambient temperature in dichloromethane, and (c) the corresponding glum from CPL spectra of 9 and 17 recorded at ambient temperature in toluene

图4. (a)多链共轭螺旋19~21的分子结构, (b)多链共轭螺旋22的分子结构和(c)多链共轭螺旋22在甲苯溶液中的圆偏振发光光谱

Figure 4. (a) Chemical structures of ms-CCHs 19~21, (b) chemical structures of ms-CCHs 22, and (c) CPL spectra of 22 recorded at ambient temperature in toluene

化合物	Ф_PL/%			Ref.
1	73	0.5	22	[58]
2	69	2.3	67	[58]
3	33	2.0	9	[59]
4	31	0.5	2	[59]
5	27	3.1	30	[60]
6	48	2.8	77	[60]
7	58	6.1	219	[60]
8	68	12	522	[60]
9	62	10	187	[62]
10	50	22	346	[63]
11	41	30	573	[63]
12	70	9.0	162	[64]
13	68	15	207	[64]
14	95	7.0	200	[61]
15	93	13	421	[65]
16a	93	15	575	[65]
16b	83	6.0	208	[65]
16c	85	2.0	68	[65]
17	39	2.0	54	[66]
18	—	—	—	[66]
19	13	—	—	[67]
20	11	1.2	6	[68]
21a	10	12	172	[70]
21b	14	8.0	132	[70]
22	37	3.0	93	[71]

表1. 手性分子碳酰亚胺的圆偏振发光性能总结

Table 1. CPL parameters of chiral molecular carbon imides

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手性分子碳酰亚胺的圆偏振发光

Chiral Molecular Carbon Imides for Circularly Polarized Luminescence

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