有机化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 384-390.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202108045 上一篇    下一篇

综述与进展

硅亲电试剂参与碳硅交叉偶联反应研究进展

从思琪a,b, 刘梦亚a,b, 彭思远b,c, 郑秋翠b, 李梦娇b, 郭艳b, 罗斐贤a,b,d,*()   

  1. a 中央民族大学民族地区生态环境国家民委重点实验室 北京 100081
    b 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院 北京 100081
    c 首都师范大学化学系 北京 100048
    d 中央民族大学生物成像与系统生物学中心 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-23 修回日期:2021-09-16 发布日期:2022-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 罗斐贤
  • 作者简介:
    共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    北京市自然科学基金(2204091); 国家自然科学基金(21901263)

Cross-Coupling of C—Si Bond by Using of Silyl Electrophiles

Siqi Conga,b, Mengya Liua,b, Siyuan Pengb,c, Qiucui Zhengb, Mengjiao Lib, Yan Guob, Feixian Luoa,b,d()   

  1. a Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081
    b College of Life and Environment Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081
    c Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048
    d Center for Bioimaging & System Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2021-08-23 Revised:2021-09-16 Published:2022-02-24
  • Contact: Feixian Luo
  • About author:
    These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2204091); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21901263)

有机硅化合物因其特殊的性质而广泛应用于合成化学、材料、药物和农药化学等领域. 有机硅化合物通常由亲核取代、烯烃硅氢化和碳氢键直接硅化等方法制备. 近年来, 通过交叉偶联构建碳硅键合成有机硅烷取得突破性进展, 引起合成化学领域研究者的广泛关注和兴趣, 成为有机硅化合物合成研究热点. 主要从硅亲电试剂参与的Heck反应、Negishi反应、Kumada反应、最新突破的还原交叉偶联反应以及多组分偶联反应和自由基硅化反应, 总结了近些年来廉价易得的有机硅亲电试剂参与交叉偶联合成有机硅烷研究进展. 同时介绍了芳基硅脱甲基分子内交叉偶联反应相关研究进展.

关键词: 硅亲电试剂, 交叉偶联, 过渡金属催化, 有机硅化合物

Organosilanes have been widely applied in synthetic chemistry, materials, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals due to the special properties. The synthesis of organosilanes has been successfully developed by several strategies including nucleophilic substitution, hydrosilylation of alkene and C—H silylation. In recent years, significant achievements have been advanced in the cross-coupling of C—Si bond by using of silyl electrophiles, especially in the break-through of the reductive cross-coupling of silyl electrophiles and carbon electrophiles. It is emerging as one of the hottest issues in synthetic chemistry. In the review, the recent progress on the cross-coupling for C—Si bond formation by using of silyl electrophiles is summarized. The reaction type including silyl-Heck, silyl-Negishi, silyl-Kumada, silyl-reductive-electrophile-coupling, multicomponent coupling reaction and radical silylation was mainly discussed. In the meanwhile, the intramolecular C—Si coupling via demethylation of aryl silanes is also discussed.

Key words: silyl electrophile, cross-coupling, transition-metal catalyzed, organosilanes