有机化学 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 1168-1176.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202209021 上一篇    下一篇

所属专题: 中国女科学家专辑

研究论文

原位生成的磺酸催化N-磺酰基-1,2,3-三氮唑与醇偶联高区域选择性合成N2-取代1,2,3-三氮唑

纪健, 刘进华, 管丛, 陈绪文, 赵芸, 刘顺英*()   

  1. 华东师范大学化学与分子工程学院 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-17 修回日期:2022-12-06 发布日期:2022-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘顺英
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22071058)

High Regioselective Synthesis of N2-Substituted-1,2,3-triazole via N-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole Coupling with Alcohol Catalyzed by in-situ Generated Sulfonic Acid

Jian Ji, Jinhua Liu, Cong Guan, Xuwen Chen, Yun Zhao, Shunying Liu()   

  1. School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062
  • Received:2022-09-17 Revised:2022-12-06 Published:2022-12-14
  • Contact: Shunying Liu
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071058)

1,2,3-三氮唑N1、N3原子电子云比N2原子电子云更加富集, 更容易发生各类化学转化, 因此其研究更为充分. 相较而言, 高区域选择性合成N2-1,2,3-三氮唑的研究相对有限. 采用天然来源且价廉易得的醇替代卤代试剂, 与N-磺酰基-1,2,3-三氮唑偶联, 在无需添加任何催化剂或添加剂条件下, 通过原位生成的磺酸催化, 高区域选择性、高收率(68%~83%)地合成了N2-取代1,2,3-三氮唑. 该反应具有广阔的底物适应性, 芳基苄醇和烷基醇等都具有良好的官能团兼容性. 初步机理研究显示, N-磺酰基-1,2,3-三氮唑水解产生的甲基磺酸有效催化了反应中的亲核取代过程, 并通过热稳定中间体N2H-1,2,3-三氮唑实现了高区域选择性.

关键词: 高区域选择性, 无金属催化, N2-取代1,2,3-三氮唑, 绿色合成

The green and highly efficient synthesis of N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles remains challenging due to the lower electron density at the N2-atom than that at two terminal nitrogen atoms (N1 and N3) of the triazole heterocycle. Cheap and easily available alcohols were developed as starting points to couple with N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole instead of halogenated reagents catalyzed by in-situ generated sulfonic acid. The resulting products, N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles, were obtained with high regioselectivity and in good yields (68%~83%) without any additional catalysts or additives. The reaction has a broad substrate adaptability and functional group compatibility, including aryl benzyl and alkyl alcohols. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that methanesulfonic acid (MsOH) which in situ produced by the hydrolysis of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles promoted the reaction, and high regioselectivity was promoted through the thermally stable intermediate N2H-1,2,3-triazole.

Key words: high regioselectivity, free-catalysis, N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazole, green synthesis