镍催化醇衍生物构筑碳-碳键的偶联反应研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202106021

摘要/Abstract

过渡金属催化构筑碳-碳键的交叉偶联反应由于其高效性、高选择性而得到了研究人员的广泛关注. 近年来, 含C(sp³)—O键的亲电试剂由于其商业易得或容易合成、反应选择性高、环境友好等优点而被用来替代有机卤化物, 应用到构建C(sp³)—C键的交叉偶联反应中. 一系列高效催化体系得以陆续报道, 其中镍催化剂由于其储量丰富、价格便宜以及独特的催化活性和选择性而被逐步应用到此类反应中, 并取得了显著的成果. 综述了镍催化醇衍生物参与的偶联反应的最新研究进展, 主要包括镍催化甲醇或伯醇衍生物参与的偶联反应, 镍催化仲醇衍生物参与的偶联反应, 镍催化叔醇衍生物参与的偶联反应, 以及镍催化缩醛和N,O-缩醛衍生物参与的偶联反应等.

关键词: 镍催化剂, 醇衍生物, 交叉偶联反应, 立体专一性合成, 不对称催化

Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for building carbon-carbon bonds have received extensive attention due to their high efficiency and selectivity. In recent years, electrophiles which containing C(sp³)—O bonds have been used to replace organic halides in cross-coupling reactions for the construction of C(sp³)—C bonds, due to their advantages of commercial availability or facile synthesis, high reaction selectivity, and environmental friendliness. Among those reported highly efficient catalysts, nickel catalysts have been gradually applied to such reactions and achieved remarkable advances due to their earth-abundant, cheap, unique catalytic activities and selectivity. Because of the small radius of the nickel atom, C(sp³)—Ni can inhibit and/or manipulate β-H elimination reactions, which reduces the formation of by-products. Nickel has several variable valence states and can flexibly participate in redox-neutral coupling reactions and reductive cross-coupling reactions. The latest research progress in nickel-catalyzed coupling reactions employing alcohol derivatives as electrophiles is reviewed. It is separated into four sections including nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving methanol or primary alcohol derivatives, nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving secondary alcohol derivatives, nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving acetal and N,O-acetal derivatives, and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving tertiary alcohol derivatives.

Key words: Ni catalyst, alcohol derivatives, cross-coupling reactions, stereospecific synthesis, asymmetric catalysis

引用此文

吴良, 魏瀚林, 陈建中, 张万斌. 镍催化醇衍生物构筑碳-碳键的偶联反应研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2021, 41(11): 4208-4239.

Liang Wu, Hanlin Wei, Jianzhong Chen, Wanbin Zhang. Development of Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Alcohol Derivatives to Construct Carbon-Carbon Bonds[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2021, 41(11): 4208-4239.

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图/表 61

图式1. 醇衍生物参与的交叉偶联反应

Scheme 1. Cross-coupling reaction involving alcohol derivatives

图式2. 稳定与不稳定亲核试剂比较

Scheme 2. Stabilized vs unstabilized nucleophiles

图式3. 镍催化直链烯丙醇衍生物与芳基镁试剂及三甲基铝的不对称偶联反应

Scheme 3. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling of linear allyl alcohol derivatives with aryl magnesium and AlMe3 reagents

图式4. 镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与高烯丙醇的偶联反应

Scheme 4. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with homoallyl alcohols

图式5. 镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与简单烯烃的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 5. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with simple alkenes and mechanism

图式6. 镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与烷基-1,4-二氢吡啶的偶联反应

Scheme 6. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with alkyl 1,4- dihydropyridines

图式7. 镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与烯丙胺衍生物及二甲基锌的偶联反应

Scheme 7. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with allyl amine derivatives and ZnMe2

图式8. 镍催化环状硫酸酯与有机镁试剂的不对称偶联反应及机理

Scheme 8. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling of cyclic sulfates with organomagnesium reagents and mechanism

图式9. 镍催化苄醚/醇及α-新戊氧基酮与有机金属试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 9. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of benzylic ethers/alcohols and α-pivaloxyl ketones with organometallic reagents

图式10. 氧化还原中性偶联反应与还原偶联反应比较

Scheme 10. Redox-neutral coupling reactions vs reductive coupling reactions

图式11. 镍催化对甲苯磺酸甲酯与烷基卤化物及酰氯的甲基化反应

Scheme 11. Nickel-catalyzed methylation of methyl p-tosylate with alkyl halides and acid chlorides

图式12. 镍催化还原甲基化可能的机理

Scheme 12. Possible mechanism of nickel-catalyzed reductive methylation

图式13. 镍催化对甲苯磺酸甲酯与芳基卤化物/甲苯磺酸酯的甲基化反应

Scheme 13. Nickel-catalyzed methylation of methyl p-tosylates with aryl halides/tosylates

图式14. 镍/钴催化烷基甲苯磺酸酯与芳基卤化物的甲基化反应

Scheme 14. Nickel/Cobalt catalyzed methylation of alkyl tosylates with alkyl halides

图式15. 镍-光反应催化剂协同催化烷基卤代烷的交叉偶联反应及机理

Scheme 15. Dual nickel-photoredox catalyzed cross-coupling of alkyl halides and mechanism

图式16. 镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与烷基卤化物的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 16. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with alkyl halides and mechanism

图式17. 镍催化配体控制的烯丙基酯与CO2的差样化还原羧基化反应

Scheme 17. Nickel-catalyzed ligand-controlled differential reductive carboxylation of allyl esters with CO2

图式18. 镍催化烯丙基碳酸酯与叔卤代烷烃的还原偶联反应

Scheme 18. Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of allylic carbonates with tertiary alkyl halides

图式19. 镍/Co(Pc)催化苄醇与芳基卤化物还原偶联反应及机理

Scheme 19. Nickel/Co(Pc)-catalyzed reductive coupling of benzyl alcohols with aryl halides and mechanism

图式20. 镍催化草酸苄基酯与烷基溴化物的还原偶联反应

Scheme 20. Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of benzyl oxalates with alkyl bromides

图式21. 镍催化氯甲酸苄酯与芳基碘化物的还原偶联反应

Scheme 21. Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of benzyl chloroformates with aryl iodides

图式22. 镍催化苄醇与芳基亲电试剂的还原偶联反应

Scheme 22. Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of benzyl alcohols with aryl electrophiles

图式23. 镍/光氧化还原催化的原甲酸三甲酯与有机氯化物的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 23. Nickel/photoredox-catalyzed coupling of trimethyl orthoformates with organic chlorides and mechanism

图式24. 镍/TiCl4(lutidine)催化苄醇与芳基卤化物还原偶联反应及机理

Scheme 24. Nickel/TiCl4(lutidine)-catalyzed reductive coupling of benzyl alcohols with aryl halides and mechanism

图式25. 镍和Lewis酸协同催化烯丙醇与芳基卤化物的还原偶联反应及机理

Scheme 25. Dual nickel and Lewis acid catalyzed reductive coupling of allylic alcohols with aryl halides and mechanism

图式26. 可切换位点的烯丙醇和二氧化碳的还原羧基化反应

Scheme 26. Switchable site reductive carboxylation of allylic alcohols with CO2

图式27. 开创性的镍催化的烯丙基醇衍生物与有机镁试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 27. Seminal nickel-catalyzed coupling of allylic alcohol derivatives with organomagnesium reagents

图式28. 镍催化烯丙基甲基醚与有机镁试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 28. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl ether derivatives with organomagnesium reagents

图式29. 立体专一性的镍催化苄基醚与甲基镁试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 29. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of benzyl ethers with methyl magnesium reagents

图式30. 立体专一性的镍催化苄基醚与有机镁试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 30. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of benzyl ethers with organomagnesium reagents

图式31. 无痕导向基团参与的立体专一性的镍催化交叉偶联反应

Scheme 31. Traceless directing group for stereospecific nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions

图式32. 立体专一性的镍催化取代四氢吡喃等与有机镁试剂的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 32. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of substituted tetrahydropyrans with organomagnesium reagents and mechanism

图式33. 立体专一性的镍催化仲苄基酯与二甲基锌的偶联反应

Scheme 33. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of secondary benzylic esters with ZnMe2

图式34. 立体专一性的镍催化内酯与二甲基锌的偶联反应

Scheme 34. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of lactones with ZnMe2

图式35. 镍催化外消旋苄醇与芳基锌的不对称偶联反应

Scheme 35. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling of racemic benzylic alcohols with aryl zinc reagents

图式36. 镍催化烯丙醇与有机锌试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 36. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohols with organozinc reagents

图式37. 镍催化环氧与有机硼试剂的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 37. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of epoxides with organoboron reagents and mechanism

图式38. 立体专一性的镍催化氨基甲酸苄酯与有机硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 38. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of benzylic carbamates with organoboron reagents

图式39. 几例镍催化烯丙醇衍生物与有机硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 39. Several cases of nickel-catalyzed coupling of allyl alcohol derivatives with organoboron reagents

图式40. 立体专一性的镍催化新戊酸烯丙酯与有机硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 40. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of allylic pivalates with organoboron reagents

图式41. 立体专一性的镍催化新戊酸烯丙酯的Suzuki偶联构建手性季碳

Scheme 41. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed Suzuki coupling of allylic pivalates to deliver quaternary stereocenters

图式42. 几例镍催化酯类衍生物与有机卤化物的偶联反应

Scheme 42. Several cases of nickel-catalyzed coupling of ester derivatives with organic halides

图式43. 镍催化烯丙基碳酸酯和乙烯基三氟甲磺酸酯的偶联反应

Scheme 43. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of allylic carbonates with vinyl triflates

图式44. 镍/光氧化还原催化剂催化的醇衍生物与芳基溴化物的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 44. Nickel/photoredox-catalyzed coupling of alcohol derivatives with aryl bromides and mechanism

图式45. 镍催化含未活化烯烃的芳基碘化物与烯丙醇衍生物的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 45. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of aryl iodide-tethered unactivated alkenes with allyl alcohol derivatives and mechanism

图式46. 镍催化环氧化合物的开环偶联反应

Scheme 46. Nickel-catalyzed ring-opening coupling of epoxides

图式47. 镍催化环氧化合物与芳基溴化物的不对称开环偶联反应及机理

Scheme 47. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric ring-opening coupling of epoxides with aryl bromides and mechanism

图式48. 镍/钛/光氧化还原催化剂催化的环氧化合物与芳基溴化物的偶联反应

Scheme 48. Ni/Ti/Photoredox-catalyzed coupling of epoxides with aryl bromides

图式49. 镍催化环丙醇衍生物参与的偶联反应

Scheme 49. Nickel-catalyzed coupling reaction involving cyclopropanol derivatives

图式50. 镍催化叔烷基草酸酯与缺电子烯烃以及芳基卤化物的偶联反应

Scheme 50. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of tertiary alkyl oxalates with electron-deficient olefins and aryl halides

图式51. 立体专一性的镍催化叔乙酸苄酯与芳基硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 51. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of tertiary benzylic acetates with aryl boron reagents

图式52. 立体专一性的镍催化叔苄基羧酸盐与烯基硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 52. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of tertiary benzylic carboxylates with alkenyl boron reagents

图式53. 立体专一性的镍催化叔苄基羧酸盐与芳基硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 53. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed coupling of tertiary benzylic carboxylates with aryl boron reagents

图式54. 镍催化螺环环氧吲哚酮与烯基硼酸的不对称偶联反应

Scheme 54. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling of spiro-epoxyoxindoles with alkenylboronic acids

图式55. 镍催化不对称烯基化反应可能的机理

Scheme 55. Possible mechanism of nickel-catalyzed asymmetric alkenylation

图式56. 镍催化环状缩醛与有机镁试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 56. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of cyclic acetals with organomagnesium reagents

图式57. 镍催化苄基缩醛与有机硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 57. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of benzylic acetals with organoboron reagents

图式58. 镍催化缩醛与芳基碘化物的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 58. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of acetals with aryl iodides and mechanism

图式59. 镍催化缩醛与α-三氟甲基烯烃的偶联反应及机理

Scheme 59. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of acetals with α-trifluoromethyl alkenes and mechanism

图式60. 镍催化喹啉衍生物与有机硼试剂的偶联反应

Scheme 60. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of quinolines derivatives with organoboron reagents

图式61. 镍催化α-新戊酰氧基甘氨酸与有机卤化物的偶联反应

Scheme 61. Nickel-catalyzed coupling of α-pivaloyloxy glycine with organic halides

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