乙二醇选择性催化氧化合成乙醇酸的研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202601006

摘要/Abstract

乙二醇 (EG) 作为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 的关键裂解产物, 来源广泛且产量巨大, 但其自身附加值较低. 在当前塑料污染加剧与碳资源浪费的双重挑战下, 将PET衍生的乙二醇高效定向转化为高附加值化学品乙醇酸 (GA), 已成为推动塑料“化学升级再造”与构建循环经济体系的重要路径. 然而, 传统乙醇酸合成工艺普遍存在反应条件苛刻、流程复杂、环境负荷高及原子经济性低等问题, 难以满足绿色化工发展的迫切需求, 亟需发展高效、可持续的新型催化策略. 本文系统综述了近年热催化、电催化、光催化及酶催化四种主流策略在乙二醇选择性氧化合成乙醇酸领域的研究进展. 重点梳理了各类催化体系中核心催化剂的设计思路及调控策略、关键性能指标及工艺优化方向, 并对不同的催化策略进行了对比分析, 深入剖析了各技术路线的独特优势与当前面临的核心挑战. 在此基础上, 结合当前研究瓶颈, 对未来发展趋势进行了展望, 提出突破单一催化模式的局限, 构建热-电、光-电等多场协同催化体系, 依托人工智能技术辅助催化剂的理性设计与反应路径的精准预测, 聚焦单金属催化剂的活性位点调控及金属有机催化剂的配体修饰与结构优化, 增强其与反应体系的适配性与稳定性. 通过多能量输入耦合与反应路径的精准调控, 有望实现乙二醇转化率、乙醇酸选择性与工艺经济性的协同突破.

关键词: 乙二醇, 乙醇酸, 热催化, 电催化, 光催化, 酶催化

Ethylene glycol (EG), as a key pyrolysis product of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), has abundant sources and enormous output, yet its inherent added value is relatively low. Against the dual challenges of escalating plastic pollution and carbon resource waste, the efficient and selective conversion of PET-derived EG into glycolic acid (GA), a high-value-added chemical, has emerged as a critical pathway to advance the chemical upcycling of plastics and establish a circular economy system. However, traditional GA synthesis processes are generally plagued by harsh reaction conditions, complex procedures, high environmental burden and low atom economy, which fail to meet the urgent demands of green chemical industry development, thus creating an imperative need for efficient and sustainable novel catalytic strategies. This paper systematically reviews the recent research progress in the selective oxidation of EG to GA via four mainstream catalytic strategies: thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and enzymatic catalysis. It focuses on summarizing the design concepts and regulation strategies of core catalysts, key performance indicators and process optimization directions in various catalytic systems, conducts a comparative analysis of different catalytic strategies, and deeply dissects the unique advantages and core challenges faced by each technical route. On this basis, combined with the current research bottlenecks, the future development trends are prospected: breaking through the limitations of single catalytic mode to construct multi-field synergistic catalytic systems such as thermo-electro and photo-electro systems, leveraging artificial intelligence technology to assist the rational design of catalysts and precise prediction of reaction paths, focusing on the active site regulation of single-metal catalysts and the ligand modification and structure optimization of metal-organic catalysts, so as to enhance their compatibility and stability with the reaction system.

Key words: ethylene glycol, glycolic acid, thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, enzymatic catalysis

引用此文

吴蕊, 武治权, 张娟, 高文超, 王英雄, 常宏宏. 乙二醇选择性催化氧化合成乙醇酸的研究进展[J]. 有机化学, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202601006.

Wu Rui, Wu Zhiquan, Zhang Juan, Gao Wenchao, Wang yingxiong, Chang Honghong. Research Progress in the Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol to Glycolic Acid[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202601006.

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